Quantitative (by making numerical measurements) evaluation method in face analysis Part 1
Facial aesthetic analyzes focused primarily on the skin, abutment tissues, and facial bone relationships, and were defined by a large number of variables. When evaluating facial esthetic mismatches, the information obtained from the patient is compared with the usual means and variables. While the analyzes in this method serve to measure individual changes, it also facilitates the treatment planning, the connection between specialist physicians and the teaching of treatment systems.
Each analysis examines many different measurements in order to reach the study, diagnosis and treatment plan. Just as with the aim of evaluating the patient, different diagnoses, treatment plans and results occur when different assays are used. The measurements used in these assays serve as a guide in calculating variation.
The facial skeleton and surrounding soft tissues determine facial harmony and balance. It is the structure of the covering soft tissues that provide the visual effect of the face and their relative proportions with each other. It has been noticed that possible anomalies in the facial skeletal system can be masked or exaggerated by the soft tissues.
The standard concept obtained as a result of these analyzes may not be the smoothest and most pleasant in the eyes of other given people, as it can very well describe the usual facial pattern and average.
Evaluation by making quantitative, i.e. numerical measurements in face analysis is divided into 2 parts.
1. General quantitative assessment of the face;
2. Quantitative evaluation of the face by dividing it into anatomical areas;
assessment of the forehead
Evaluation of the eyes and eyelids
Evaluation of eyebrows
Evaluation of the nose
Evaluation of teeth and jawbones
Evaluation of the lips
Evaluation of laughter
General quantitative assessment of the face
In the quantitative evaluation of the face, the head must be in a natural state for measurements and ideal photography. A standard has been developed for this. The line drawn accurately over the external auditory canal to the bone border of the eyes should be parallel to the ground. This is called the Frankfort line.
It is known that the length of a perfectly proportioned person is seven and a half times his head. When viewed from the front, the human head forms a rectangle with a height of 3.5 and a width of 2.5.
The face is divided into 3 areas, upper middle and lower, with reference to the trichion-hairline, the glabella-the most obvious point in the middle of the eyebrows, and the menton-the most obvious point of the chin. Normally these 3 parts should be equal. The middle part is larger in men than in women.
In western breeds, the middle 1/3 of the face is shorter than the upper 1/3. The upper and middle parts are shorter than the lower 1/3.
Upper, middle and lower parts of the face
Lower face height refers to the lower 1/3 of the face. This part changes during the development process. The average lower facial height for 6-year-old boys is 61.4mm, and at 18 it becomes 71.9mm. For girls, the average height at age 6 is 58.8mm, increasing to 65.5mm at age 18. At mid-8-18 years, the average increase per year is 0.9mm for boys and 0.6mm for girls.
An increase in lower face height indicates very lower face height. The most valuable thing is to compare the exact measurements of the middle and lower face with a proportional measurement.
The part from the base of the nose-subnacelle to the lowest soft tissue-menton of the chin is the lower 1/3 of the face. The lower face height is measured perpendicularly from Subnasale to Menton. The cost measured from Glabella to soft tissue Menton is the total face height. The usual ratio for lower face height is 53-56% of total facial height. This ratio remains relatively constant during development. Controlling the vertical dimension is invaluable in patients with very low facial height.
The face height may increase. The reasons for this height;
Maxilla-maxilla length; The developmental process of the maxilla is long. This is normal and causes the teeth and gums to appear excessively while laughing.
Increase in the length of the lower jaw; It is the lengthening of the distance between the junction line of the lips-stomion and the lower point of the chin-menton in the lower part of the face. This is manifested by the length of the chin.
The face is divided into 5 parts, up to the length in the middle of the inner and outer corners of the eye-intercanthal.
The ratio of the height and width of the face gives the face index – “Facial index”. This index provides the determination of the form of the face (such as long, short, square).
The length/width of the face is 1.35 for men and 1.3 for women.
a; hairline- between trichion and chin lower border-menton, b; The gap in the middle of the most protruding area of the cheekbone-zygomatic arch, Here it should be about 70% of the head. c; intertemporal-bitemporal distance. It should be 80-85% of cb. d jawbone corners-bigonial space. It should be 70-75% of the db.